API Plan 01
API Plan 01 is a self-circulating seal flush system that utilizes internal circulation devices (such as a pump ring) to direct process fluid from the pump discharge back into the seal chamber for cooling and lubrication.
This plan is commonly used in single mechanical seals where external piping is not feasible or desired.
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Features
How API Plan 01 Works
- The process fluid is drawn from the pump discharge and recirculated back into the seal chamber.
- An internal circulation device (typically a pumping ring or internal grooves) enhances fluid movement to ensure proper cooling and lubrication.
- This system eliminates the need for external flush lines, making it a self-contained solution.
Comparison with API Plan 11
- Plan 01: Uses an internal circulation system (no external piping).
- Plan 11: Uses an external flush line from pump discharge with an orifice for flow control, providing better cooling and flushing capability.
API Plan 01 is a simple, low-maintenance seal flush plan, ideal for clean process fluids and moderate operating conditions, where external piping is not practical or needed.
Benefits
- No External Piping Required – Simplifies installation and reduces potential leak points.
- Improves Seal Cooling & Lubrication – Ensures continuous fluid movement, preventing seal overheating.
- Low Maintenance & Cost-Effective – Eliminates the need for external flush plans, reducing maintenance complexity.
- Compact Design – Ideal for pumps where external flush piping is impractical.
Drawbacks
- Not Effective for Heavy Contaminants – Cannot filter out solid particles or prevent clogging.
- Limited Cooling Efficiency – Less effective for high-temperature or high-pressure applications.
- Dependent on Process Fluid Conditions – If the process fluid is dirty or prone to vaporization, alternative plans like Plan 11 (which includes an external flush line) may be more suitable.
Applications
- Centrifugal Pumps – Handling clean or lightly contaminated fluids.
- General Industrial Applications – Where simple, self-sufficient seal cooling is preferred.
- Oil & Gas, Chemical, and Water Treatment Plants – For non-hazardous and moderate-temperature fluids.
Warning Notes
Related Technical Papers
Applicable Products
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